Elements of Art and Principles of Design

Line-  Lines are marks made by a pointed tool: brush, pencil, pen, etc. Lines can vary in width, direction, curvature, length, or color.
Shape- Shapes are formed wherever the ends of a continuous line meet. Geometric shapes such as circles, triangles or squares have perfect, uniform measurements and don't often appear in nature. Organic shapes are associated with things from the natural world, like plants and animals.
Color- Color wheels show the primary colors, secondary colors, and the tertiary (intermediate) colors. They also show the relationships between complementary colors across from each other, such as blue and orange; and analogous (similar or related) colors next to each other such as yellow, green, and blue. Black and white may be thought of as colors but, in fact, they are not. White light is the presence of all color; black is the absence of reflected light and therefore the absence of color.
Value (Tone)- Value, or tone, refers to dark and light; the value scale refers to black and white with all gradations of gray in between.  Value contrasts help us to see and understand a two-dimensional work of art.
Form- Form describes objects that are three-dimensional, having length, width, and height.
Texture- Texture can be rough, bumpy, slick, scratchy, smooth, silky, soft, prickly--the list is endless.  Texture refers to the surface quality, both simulated and actual, of artwork.

Space- Space refers to distances or areas around, between, or within components of a piece. Space can be positive (white or light) or  negative (black or dark), open or closed,shallow or deep, and two-dimensional or three-dimensional. 

Balance- Balance is the comfortable or pleasing arrangement of things in art.  There are three different types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial. The human figure is symmetrically balanced; the same on the left and right side. The tree is asymmetrically balanced; its branches are not distributed equally on each side, but their total weight is balanced left and right. The sun is an example of radial balance; all its rays are equal in length from the center.

Contrast- Contrast is created by using elements that conflict with one another. Often, contrast is created using complementary colors or extremely light and dark values. Contrast creates interest in a piece and often draws the eye to certain areas. It is used to make a painting look interesting.
Emphasis- Emphasis in the focal area of an artwork gives it importance.  An artist may stress some elements of the design over others. The eye of the viewer will focus on the area of emphasis or center of interest first, then take in the rest of the composition. 
Movement- Movement in an artwork means the artist is taking viewers on a trip through the work by means of lines, edges, shapes, and colors often leading to the focal area.  Movement is a visual flow through the composition. It can be the suggestion of motion in a design as you move from object to object by way of placement and position.  Directional movement can be created with a value pattern. It is with the placement of dark and light areas that you can move your attention through the format.
Pattern- Patterns are made in art when the same shapes or elements are repeated again and again.  Pattern uses the elements of art in planned or random repetitions to enhance surfaces of paintings or sculptures.

Rhythm- Rhythm is the repetition of shapes, lines, and forms.  Rhythm is a movement in which some elements recurs regularly.  Like a dance, it will have a flow of objects that will seem to be like the beat of music.

Unity- Unity means that all elements in an artwork are in harmony.  Unity brings together a composition with similar units.  For example, if your composition was using wavy lines and organic shapes you would stay with those types of lines and not put in even one geometric shape.

                                                                          Line- 

I chose these photographs because the art has the Tiki looking these pointed out in lines. The photograph has a zebra next to bamboo, and they're all in a straight line. 

Shape-

I chose these two for shape because the drawing has a man holding a sphere with his reflection. The sphere is a shape. The pear has a heart in the middle. I might be wrong but I believe a heart is a shape. I was told it was in elementary school. 

Color- 

The art is in the color category because it has different kinds of colors. The photograph also has colors inside the bottles, which I also believe falls under the color category.

Value- 

I chose the flower for value because it has different shades of the flower. I have also noticed that the drawing in the bottom is not a photograph, but I don't want to change it because my hand hurts for typing a lot. First world problems, I know. The art on the bottom also has different shades of blue and green for the pine trees and grass.  

Form- 

The drawing of Form looks realistic and falls under the form category because of its three dimensional forms. The photograph on the bottom has three dimensional shapes so its into the form category.

Texture-

The drawing for texture looks like its rough because since it was in a cave, you can infer how rough rock is. The moss on the tree makes you kind of feel how it would feel. That sounded weird, I apologize for my poor use of vocabulary. 

Space- 

The space for the art is in between the fingers of both people. It also has space around them. The space for the photograph is in the sky. The universe is infinite, so there is a lot of space, also around the electrical wires.

Balance-

The balance on the pitchfork on the art is what I wanted to point out. The balance on the height of the flowers also. They seem to all be the exact same height. 

Contrast-

Mona Lisa has contrast in the background and on her shadow. The photograph has somewhat contrast also. 

Emphasis- 

The emphasis on the art is on inside the dinner. It points out how modern life is. The photograph is a part of emphasis because it focuses on the leaf. 

Movement- 

The movement is present on the art because of the facial expressions the people are giving, so you follow whats happening next. The photograph has movement because of the flow of the water.

Pattern- 

Andy Warhol's campbell's soup has pattern because it just repeats itself many times. The same thing with the photograph, the signs on the road also repeat itself many times. 

Rhythm-

The art has rhythm because of the head shaped figure and the tree and the following head shape figure. it keeps repeating in different ways. The photograph also has Rhythm with the lights. It flows on and on. 

Unity-

The art shows the unity of the people. They're all together. The unity is also present in the zebras because they have the same reaction and they're also together.